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Ethnologically,
Quảng Ninh is made up of 21 ethnic groups, but only 6 have a
population of over 1,000. These groups live in their own
communities, and have their own dialects and particular ethnic
features. They include the Việt(Kinh), Dao, Tày, Sán D́u,
Sán Chỉ and Hoa. After these, there are two ethnic groups
with populations of several hundred: the Nùng and Mường.
The remaining 14 have populations of less than 100: the Thái,
Khmer, H'rê, H'mông, Eđê, Cờ Tu, Gia Rai, Ngái, Xu
Đăng, Cơ Ho, Hà Nh́, Lào and Pup Cô. These
originate from remote centres in the Tây Nguyên Highlands.
Among
the major ethnic groups, the Kinh make up 89.2% of the ethnic
population. The Dao have two main branches: the Thanh Y and Thanh
Phán. They conserve their particular ethnic features such as
dialect, clothing and traditional festivals, and some continue
practices of nomadic farming. The Tày, Sán D́u and Sán
Chỉ live in low mountainous areas, chiefly relying on
agriculture, in particular the production of wet rice. The Hoa
include many ethnic minorities, having immigrated from China many
years ago. A small portion are Chinese residents who come to deal
in commerce and handicrafts and live in townlets in eastern areas.
Most live in the country, relying on agriculture, fishing and
forestry.
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